The results indicate that the wall degradation hypotonic. Genetic structure and diversity of the wild ussurian pear in east asia. In the present work, we investigated the possible function of abscisic acid aba on the endodormancy process in pear. World pear collection usda genebank, corvallis, oregon curator.
The japanese pear pyrus pyrifolia nakai is one of the most widely grown fruit trees in japan, and it has been used throughout japans history. In order to verify the function of ppcad2, transgenic tomato solanum lycopersicum microtom plants. Investigation and prevention of cork spot disorder in. These are japanese pear pyrus pyrifolia, chinese pear pyrus bretschneideri. Five proanthocyanidins, two btype dimers and three atype trimers, were purified and isolated from the fruit peels of pyrus pyrifolia nakai cv. The japanese pear pyrus pyrifolia nakai is one of the most important fruits in japan. Dormancy is an adaptive mechanism that allows temperate deciduous plants to survive unfavorable winter conditions. Asian pear, japanese pear, chinese pear, korean pear, taiwanese pear, apple pear, zodiac pear, and sand pear. An asian pear is a fruit from the tree with the scientific name pyrus pyrifolia. Dozens of asian pear cultivars have appeared in north america.
An pyrus pyrifolia in uska species han magnoliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni nicolaas laurens nicolaus laurent burman, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni takenoshin nakai. Pyrus, species, cultivar, chromosome, number, polyploid, china. The species is hermaphrodite has both male and female organs and is pollinated by insects. Several species of pear are valued for their edible fruit and juices while others are cultivated as trees. Pdf exocarp color of sand pear is an important trait for the fruit production and has caused our concern for a long time.
Media in category pyrus pyrifolia the following 180 files are in this category, out of 180 total. Lignin is an amorphous, complex aromatic heteropolymer, which is produced by the. Pyrus communis, pyrus pyrifolia, pyrus bretschneideri, fruit quality, genetics, inheritance. The pear, pyrus pyrifolia, is one of the most widely consumed fruits in the world and has also been used as folk medicine in korea and china because of its biological activities, including antitussive, anticonstipative, antiulcer, and antioxidative effects 1620. Pdf ppnac187 enhances lignin synthesis in whangkeumbae. Overexpression of pear pyrus pyrifolia cad2 in tomato affects. Isolation and identification of the antioxidant ddmp from. The commercial production of pears increased rapidly with the successive discoveries of the chance seedling cultivars chojuro and nijisseiki around 1890, and the development of new cultivars has continued since 1915. Pyrus ussuriensis and european pear pyrus communis.
The aba content increased during pear flower bud endodormancy establishment and decreased towards endodormancy release. Cotyledons of five cultivars were cocultivated with agrobacterium tumefaciens strain lba4404 carrying the pbin19sgfp, which contained a green fluorescent protein gene and the neomycin. The herbs and spices used for sand pear vermouth were the same as that of plum and apple vermouth joshi et al. Asian pears are members of the rose family and the pyrus genus, which contains 23 species, found in asia, europe, north africa and around the mediterranean. Aftermath of january 2018 north american blizzard 12. Pdf introduction of some asian pear cultivars pyrus pyrifolia to. Pdf pigmentation in sand pear pyrus pyrifolia fruit. Pyrus pyrifolia is also called asian pear, chinese pear, apple pear, japanese pear, korean pear, nashi pear, nashi, sand pear, oriental pear, sandparon and taiwanese pear. An update kiran, vandana garg, anju dhiman, rohit dutt and sweety ranga genus pyrus is classified into three main categories according to their origin and production. The fruit has a high water content and a grainy texture compared to the familiar european pear.
Light is indispensable for the accumulation of anthocyanin in the peel of red pear fruit pyrus pyrifolia nakai. In india is it called nashipati and in bangladesh and nepal it is called nashpati. An pyrus pyrifolia in nahilalakip ha genus nga pyrus, ngan familia nga rosaceae. It is a small to medium sized deciduous tree which has a pome fruit with pale dots and has brown or yellow, reddishbrown color. Exploring candidate genes for pericarp russet pigmentation. Pdf a disorder in pears that is known as hardend fruit affects the appearance, edible quality, and market value of pear fruit. Hydrogen sulfide prolongs postharvest storage of freshcut pears pyrus pyrifolia by alleviation of oxidative damage and inhibition of fungal. This page was last edited on 8 november 2017, at 09. Proteomic analysis of pear pyrus pyrifolia ripening process provides new evidence for the sugaracid metabolism difference between core and mesocarp december 2016 proteomics 1623. Pear pyrus communis is an important fruit of temperate regions of iran grown for its desirable taste and commercial value. Molecules free fulltext overexpression of pear pyrus pyrifolia. In this study, we explored the physiologicalbiochemical mechanism of cork spot disorder in pear fruit, and investigated the effectiveness of spraying calcium ca, boron b.
In order to verify the function of ppcad2, transgenic tomato solanum lycopersicum microtom plants were generated using overexpression constructs via the agrobacteriummediated. Akizuki pyrus pyrifolia nakai, a japanese pear, plays an important role in pear production in china because of its good quality. Pyrus pyrifolia is a deciduous tree growing to 10 m 32ft 10in. Ppcad2 was originally isolated from the wangkumbae pear pyrus pyrifolia nakai, and it encodes for cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase cad, which is a key enzyme in the lignin biosynthesis pathway. This file contains additional information such as exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it.
The chloroplast genome of pyrus was found to be 159,922 bp in length which included a pair of inverted repeats irs of 26,392 bp, separated by a small singlecopy region of 19,237 bp and a large singlecopy region lsc of 87,901 bp. Elongated hypocotyl 5 hy5 is considered to be a critical regulator for induction of anthocyanin biosynthesis, but detailed characterization of its regulatory mechanism is. Only two species are commercially grown, pyrus communis, the european pear, and pyrus pyrifolia, the asian pear. Pyrus pyrifolia is a species of pear tree native to east asia. Importing fresh fruitvegetables korean pear pyrus pyrifolia from the republic of korea updated 30 july 1999 name of standards organization. Akizuki pyrus pyrifolia nakai is a dominant asian pear cultivar with gradually increasing cultivation area in shandong province. The asian pear tree is native to asia and has other names such as the nashi pear, sand pear and apple pear. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. One such tree is the specimen of sand pear pyrus pyrifolia, accession 7272c growing at the back edge of the open meadow below the summit of bussey hill. Research article open access transcriptomic analysis of. Preparation and characterization of callus extract from. Hydrogen sulfide prolongs postharvest storage of freshcut. A total of predicted genes 1 unique genes and 17 genes, which were duplicated in the ir including 79 proteincoding genes, four ribosomal rna genes and. Fermentation characteristics of korean pear pyrus pyrifolia nakai puree by the leuconostoc mesenteroides 5 strain isolated from kimchi.
It is in flower in april, and the seeds ripen in september. Sand pear pyrus pyrifolia russet pericarp is an important trait affecting both the quality and stress tolerance of fruits. However, this cultivar is found susceptible to cork spot disorder in recent years. Breeding for strong red skin colour is an important objective of the hortresearch interspecific pear breeding programme.
Fermentation characteristics of korean pear pyrus pyrifolia nakai. Nakai virus infected virus biological assays positive. The trees edible fruit is known by many names, including. Pear fruit need to be of high eating quality, convenient to eat, attractive to the consumer and produced with low chemical inputs to be successful in a. Pdf the genus cydonia is commonly known as quince, and the fruits are pomes, as the species is closely related to apples, pears, and japanese.
This trait is controlled by a relative complex genetic process, with some fundamental biological questions such as how many and which genes are involved in the process remaining elusive. Review article origin, domestication, and dispersing of. Pyrus pyrifolia sand pear, chinese pear pfaf plant database. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. The synthesis of cuo nps, 30 ml of pyrus pyrifolia leaves extract was taken and boiled at 80 3. In this study, we explored differentially expressed genes between the russet and. Pear pyrus pyrifolia nakai was purchased in naju, south korea in august 2007 and stored at. Firm crisp and juicy when fully ripe, they are eaten out of hand or used in fruit salads, pies or. In this paper chromosome numbers of 200 hybrids, 350 cultivars, 11 forms, and 12 species of pyrus in 22 provinces of china were observed with the wall degradation hypotonic method. Research article open access transcriptomic analysis of suli pear pyrus pyrifolia white pear group buds during the dormancy by rnaseq guoqin liu1,2, wanshun li3, penghua zheng1, tong xu3.
Investigation and prevention of cork spot disorder in akizuki pear. Agrobacteriummediated genetic transformation using. However, despite the widespread of pear fruit, their biological effects and chemical constituents have not been studied sufficiently compared to other fruits such as apples, grapes, and citrus. The tree species pyrus pyrifolia is commonly called the nashi, asian, japanese, korean, taiwan, sand, or apple pear, bapple, papple, or bae, from the korean. Ppcad2 was originally isolated from the wangkumbae pear pyrus pyrifolia nakai, and it encodes. Biosecurity new zealand legally binding document the biosecurity act of 1993. Overexpression of pear pyrus pyrifolia cad2 in tomato. Cotyledons of five cultivars were cocultivated with agrobacterium tumefaciens strain lba4404 carrying the pbin19sgfp, which contained a green fluorescent protein. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. Diverse pear species are cultivated in the mildly temperate regions of asia and europe. Development of flower buds in the japanese pear pyrus pyrifolia. This tree comes into flower in late april or early may, depending on the weather, and at its peak bloom it shines like a beacon in the early.
In the hard end pear fruit, lignin deposits heavily in the pericarp and pulp, leading to the formation of rough textured. This file is licensed under the creative commons attributionshare alike 3. Development of the chloroplast genomebased indel markers. Asian pear plural asian pears a fruit from species of pear from northeastern asia, known better for their crisp, juicy texture than for their flavor the apple pear or chinese pear, pyrus pyrifolia. Find support for a specific problem on the support section of our website. In a pear cultivar of pyrus pyrifolia, whangkeumbae, hard end is a physiological disorder of the fruit. Isolation of five proanthocyanidins from pear pyrus. Isolation of five proanthocyanidins from pear pyrus pyrifolia nakai. Development of the chloroplast genomebased indel markers in niitaka pyrus pyrifolia and its application plant biotechnology reports, jan 2019 ho yong chung, so youn won, yoonkyung kim. The tree is mediumsized and native to coastal as well as mildly temperate regions of europe, north africa and asia. Genetic transformation was successfully established producing both transformed adventitious shoots and calli in japanese pear pyrus pyrifolia nakai by using cotyledons as explants. A heat treatment was performed using a temperature and pressurecontrolling apparatus jisico, seoul, korea. Pyrus communis, the predominant cultivated species of european pear, bears typical pearshaped fruits with soft and smooth flesh, few stone cells, along with. If you do not see its contents the file may be temporarily unavailable at the journal website or you do not have a pdf plugin installed and enabled in your browser.
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